Showing posts with label dr ecofren. Show all posts
Showing posts with label dr ecofren. Show all posts

Saturday, 18 April 2015

Health Benefits of White Tea

Health Benefits of White Tea

  • White tea has impressive anti-bacterial and anti-viral qualities, which means it can deactivate bad bacteria, viruses, and fungi. In fact, white tea is even more powerful than green tea in disarming bacterial viruses! White tea also kills the bacteria that cause plaque, tooth decay, and bad breath.


  • The health benefits of white tea include weight management. White tea has caffeine, which may enhance weight loss, and white tea's high levels of antioxidants can help to boost your metabolism and curb your appetite. Even better, research about white tea and weight loss has shown that white tea can prevent new fat cells from developing and encourage the breakdown of fat in existing fat cells, as well. (Just remember, if you're thinking of adding white tea to your overall weight loss plan, be sure to check with your healthcare provider first.)
  • White tea fights the effects of aging (like wrinkles and loss of skin elasticity). Time, too much sun exposure, stress, and poor dietary choices can damage our skin, causing it to age - sometimes prematurely. White tea's antioxidants and anti-aging properties protect and help reverse this damage to skin, and can even help skin build resistance to stress. For healthy, firmer, radiant skin, sip white tea - and consider adding it to your skin care routine, too (research has shown white tea to have topical benefits for skin, as well)!
Silver needles Chinese tea leaves
  • The benefits of drinking white tea extend to bone health - regular intake of white tea can improve bone density and strength, and may provide relief from the symptoms of osteoporosis.

  • http://www.theteatalk.com/health-benefits-of-white-tea.html

Saturday, 21 March 2015

Tuesday, 30 December 2014

1987: WHO Admits Its Smallpox Vaccine Caused AIDS - WHO Omits That It Requested The Virus

1987: WHO Admits Its Smallpox Vaccine Caused AIDS - WHO Omits That It Requested The Virus



"[A] 1972 report (Bulletin #47) issued by the World Health Organization .... referred to an immune virus requested [Emphasis added] which would selectively destroy the Human T Cell System, to be distributed in conjunction with a Nationwide vaccination program "to observe the results". This coincided precisely with the extensive Small Pox vaccination program in central Africa - shortly preceding the outbreak of Aids in Africa, America & elsewhere. The determining factor most common in Aids victims is the breakdown of the T Cell System in the body."

From http://www.thepetitionsite.com/1/a-universal-declaration-of-resistance-to-mandatory-vaccinations/
 
Below is an article describing how the WHO attempted to deal with those who saw and questioned the obvious connection between the WHO's massive smallpox vaccine campaign and the outbreak of AIDS in all the places it gave it.
 
Before reading the following article about the WHO and the smallpox vaccine, please be aware of seven things. 

1.  People have seen that ebola suddenly broke out in each of the places the WHO (and UN and UNICEF and Doctors without Borders) recently ran vaccine campaigns in West Africa.
2.  Ebola is a man-made bioweapons owned and patented by the US government and the CDC.

3.  The WHO now, on the basis of ebola outbreaks that coincided with its own vaccine campaign,  now plans a massive vaccine campaign against ebola with untested vaccines that will contain the ebola virus (a bioweapon) that can cause ebola and mass deaths.
4.  The US is interested in the oil, diamonds and minerals in West Africa, has been stopped by people living there, but, because of an "ebola emergency" claimed by the WHO after there were outbreaks of ebola following the WHO vaccine campaigns there, now has 1000s of troops in West Africa.
5.  The US and other countries who contribute to the WHO were also interested in the mineral wealth of Central Africa prior to the WHO's smallpox vaccination campaign.
6.  The pharmaceutical industry which was the main supporters of Hitler and intensely interested in genocide, became the main supporters of the WHO, coincidentally formed immediately after WWII, was involved in killing millions with the smallpox vaccines.  They coincidentally made an immense fortune on AIDS drugs and research funding, all the while not revealing that the WHO had requested an AIDS-like virus just prior to the pharmaceutical industry making the small pox vaccine and AIDS breaking out immediately afterwards.
 
7.  This WHO vaccine campaign issue is not a historical issue because Bush's pandemic laws and the WHO International Health Regulations would make vaccines mandatory now if the WHO declares a  pandemic emergency (with no proof needed) and even if people believed they could cause more AIDS or cause ebola and deadly.  Then, it would be Americans, not just Africans hiding from vaccines or killing vaccine teams because the vaccines are killing tens of thousands of children

http://exopolitics.blogs.com/ebolagate/2014/11/1987-who-admits-smallpox-vaccine-caused-aids-who-omits-that-it-requested-it.html
From http://www.wanttoknow.info/870511vaccineaids

Saturday, 1 November 2014

Top 3 Medicine Brands for a Dry Cough

       Top 3 Medicine Brands for a Dry Cough

The cough and cold medicine aisle is often confusing, and determining which product is the best cough medicine for a dry cough can be a challenge. There are cough suppressants, expectorants, decongestants, and a host of other medicines available. When you have a persistent dry cough, the best thing to do is to consult a doctor so that you can treat the underlying cause. If you need something soothe the symptoms you can take something that will fight off your body’s urge to cough. If the major symptom you are dealing with is a dry cough, and you are an adult with no other health problems, consider choosing one of these cough medicines, which get great reviews from doctors as well as patients. Remember that these don’t cure your cough they only suppress your body’s natural urge to cough. You should talk to your doctor and your pharmacist before taking any medications, especially if you also take prescription medication.
Always follow the directions on the product and consult a physician before trying any new medicinal products.

Best Cough Medicine for a Dry Cough: Mucinex


Mucinex is a powerful cough suppressant that controls your cough for 12 hours. While its clever commercials talk about the dramatic results it has when breaking up mucus, this medicine also works extremely well for a dry cough, where no mucus or phlegm is present. If a minor cold, allergy, or simple throat irritation is causing you to cough uncontrollably, take Mucinex as indicated on the box every 12 hours and you will begin feeling better as soon as your first dose sets in.
The active ingredient in Mucinex is Guaifenesin, which is provided in a convenient time extended tablet. If you look at a Mucinex pill, you will see one side is white. That is the medicine that is released immediately. The other side is a colored layer, which releases additional cough medicine into your system every hour to combat your cough. It is so much easier than remembering to take another dose of medicine every few hours. You can chose between Mucinex DM and Maximum Strength Mucinex, for your worst cough that seems impossible to shake.
Mucinex is a little more expensive than many other cough medicines on the market. Depending on the dosage and size of the box you buy, you can expect to spend between $15 and $20 on a package of 14 to 20 600mg pills. Be prepared to show some identification at the pharmacy or retailer where you buy it. Although it is an over-the-counter (OTC) medication, its strength requires that you be an adult in order to purchase it. Mucinex gets the first-place rating because it works immediately and you only have to take it every 12 hours.

Second Best Cough Medicine for a Dry Cough: Robitussin


Another popular brand, Robitussin, contains Guaifensin as well. It also contains suppressants that will calm your cough, and help your body reduce the impulse to cough. Most of Robitussin’s cough medicines are combined with medicine to treat chest congestion. Although you can get Robitussin cough gels and Robitussin Lingering Cold Long Acting cough gels which only contain cough suppressant. Your unproductive/productive cough will benefit from Robitussin Cough + Chest Congestion, but keep in mind that it contains an expectorant you may not need for your dry cough.
You can purchase Robitussin in bottles that are 4 ounces, 8 ounces, or 12 ounces as well as gel capsules. It will cost you less than $10 in most drug stores. Robitussin is in second place because while it isn’t as effective as Mucinex it is just as effective as Tylenol (our third recommendation) in treating your dry cough, but offers products that work only on suppressing coughs without unnecessary additional medicine.

Third Best Cough Medicine for a Dry Cough: Tylenol


Tylenol is a well-known brand for a host of medications that treat pain, fever, coughs, and colds. It is reliable and easily accessible. While the Tylenol Cold & Cough for Daytime, as well as Tylenol Cold & Cough for Nighttime are currently (and perhaps temporarily) off the market, the Tylenol Cold medicine can still be obtained. You might also benefit from Tylenol Cold & Sore Throat if your dry cough is irritating your throat, and causing it to hurt.
Tylenol Cold comes in a liquid form and is available as a Daytime or Nighttime product. You can also get it in capsule form, and there is a package on the market that provides both Tylenol Cold Daytime and Tylenol Cold Nighttime dosages. Tylenol treats many different symptoms that show up during the common cold, including a headache, fever, stuffy nose, and cough. While the medicine is not specifically targeted for a dry cough, it will still help you when you are suffering from such a cough. The Tylenol Cold Nighttime will help you sleep, and with the Daytime dose, you will find you are better able to control and manage your cough.

Tylenol contains Dextromethorphan HBr, which works to suppress your cough. It also has Guaifenesin, like Mucinex, but not in a time release format. You will need to take Tylenol every four hours in order to keep your cough suppressed. It will cost you under $10 in any local drugstore or department store. Tylenol came in third place because it is reliable in treating your dry cough, but it has a lot of extra medicine that you don’t necessarily need when you just have a dry cough.

http://thebestcoughmedicine.com/best-medicine-for-a-dry-cough/

Saturday, 22 March 2014

FDA to crack down on antibiotics in animals reared for meat

FDA to crack down on antibiotics in animals reared for meat

Regulators announce new guidelines for drug firms to phase out some antibiotics as a growth enhancer in livestock.The Food and Drug Administration is taking steps toward phasing out the use of some antibiotics in animals processed for meat in the US, citing a potential threat to public health.
Many cattle, hog and poultry producers give their animals antibiotics regularly to ensure that they are healthy and to make the animals grow faster. Now, the agency has announced that it will ask pharmaceutical companies to voluntarily stop labeling drugs important for treating human infection as acceptable for that growth promotion in animals.
If the companies sign on — and one major company has already said it will — using those antibiotics to promote growth in animals would be illegal. Prescriptions would be required to use the drugs for animal illnesses.
The FDA has been debating how to address the issue of antibiotics in meat for several years as consumers have become more aware of the issue and are clamoring for antibiotic-free meat. McDonald's, among other companies, has moved to limit the drugs in their meat, pushing many animal producers to go along.
The FDA move is designed to limit antibiotic-resistant diseases in humans. Repeated exposure to antibioticscan lead germs to become resistant to the drug so that it is no longer effective in treating a particular illness.
Antibiotic resistance is a growing public health problem. In September the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention released sobering estimates that more than 23,000 people a year are dying from drug-resistant infections.
The biggest risk is from germs spread in hospitals, and it's not clear how much of the problem is related to the use of drugs in meat. Still, the FDA says this is one step toward decreasing resistance.
"We need to be selective about the drugs we use in animals and when we use them," said William Flynn of FDA's Center for Veterinary Medicine. "Antimicrobial resistance may not be completely preventable, but we need to do what we can to slow it down."
The new guidance will give the companies three years to comply.
Michael Taylor, FDA's deputy commissioner of foods, said he believes asking industry to make the changes is the fastest way to help phase the drugs out. If the FDA made the process mandatory, he said, the agency would have had to move forward with a complex regulatory process that could take years.
"We have high confidence based on dialogue with industry that this initiative will succeed," Taylor said.
Drug company Zoetis, a leading manufacturer of animal antibiotics, has already said they will comply.
"This reflects our continued commitment to antibiotic stewardship and represents the many ways that Zoetis promotes the responsible use of antimicrobial drugs in animals," the company's statement said.
Animal agriculture groups will not have much of a choice in the matter if drug companies sign on and make the drugs' use illegal. But many antibiotics will still be available for those producers to use, just not those that the FDA has classified as most important for treating human infections. Some of the antibiotics that could not be used in animals are penicillins and tetracyclines, the FDA said.
Many animal groups signaled support for the FDA guidance after it was announced Wednesday, including the National Pork Producers Council. Still, Dr. Liz Wagstrom of the pork producers' group said the FDA action will mean "real change" in the way antibiotics are used on the farm, as some animals may not grow as quickly and producers may see more disease. She said she does not know how much it will cost the industry.
Some advocates pushing to rid the animal food supply of antibiotics said the FDA did not go far enough. Democratic Rep. Louise Slaughter of New York, a microbiologist, said the FDA should have made the action mandatory. The guidance "falls woefully short of what is needed to address a public health crisis," she said.
Others hailed the agency move as progress.
"We commend FDA for taking the first steps since 1977 to broadly reduce antibiotic overuse in livestock," said Laura Rogers of The Pew Charitable Trusts' human health and industrial farming campaign. "There is more work to do, but this is a promising start, especially after decades of inaction."

http://www.theguardian.com/business/2013/dec/11/fda-crackdown-antibiotics-animals-meat

Tuesday, 17 December 2013

Are you an oyster lover?

Here are some benefits of eating oysters:

1. Oysters contain more zinc than any other food. Zinc is necessary for proper growth and development, strengthens the immune system and promotes healing.
2. Oysters are heart healthy. They are high in omega – 3 fatty acids, potassium and magnesium which can help reduce your risk of heart attack, stroke and lower blood pressure.
3. Oysters can help you lose weight! They are low in calories, low in fat and a good source of protein which makes you feel fuller after eating.
4. Oysters are a good source of other essential nutrients. These include vitamins A, E, and C, zinc, iron, calcium, selenium, and vitamin B12.
5. Oysters can help improve your energy. They are a good source of iron which helps the body transport oxygen to individual cells giving you more energy.
6. Oysters can help lower your cholesterol. A study done by the University of Washington found that eating oysters can help raise the HDLs (good cholesterol levels) and lower the LDL’s (bad cholesterol levels).

Other interesting tidbits about oysters:

1. Oysters taste better in cooler weather. Spawning, which occurs in the warmer months of May, June, July and August, affects the taste. They are not bad, just not as tasty as in the cooler months.
2. Oysters  are considered to be an aphrodisiac. American and Italian researchers found that they were rich in amino acids which trigger increased levels of sex hormones. Their high zinc content aids the production of testosterone.
3. Oysters can be safely eaten in non “R” months. The rule of thumb before refrigeration was not to eat oysters in months whose names have no “R”. This would be May through August when the hot weather would not allow for safe storage of the oysters. Thankfully, for all us oyster lovers, refrigeration makes it possible to eat them all year round!
4. Oysters are good for your garden. Oyster shells are high in calcium which helps balance your soil’s pH. Calcium also helps build strong cell walls which leads to healthier plants. BUT – don’t just throw your oyster shells in the garden though, they should be ground – or you could just purchase the ground oyster shell lime at the local garden center.
5. Oysters can contain harmful bacteria. Be sure of your source! Oysters are filter feeders meaning that they concentrate anything present in the surrounding water. In the gulf coast area, there would occasionally be warnings (after heavy rains causing the potential for water contamination), not to eat the bay seafood.
6. Shucking (opening) oysters is a competitive sport. Shucking oyster competitions are held worldwide. There is even a Guinness World Oyster Opening Championship in Galway, Ireland.
7. Eating oysters is environmentally friendly. They are on the Seafood Watch list as a “best choice”. This means that seafood in this category is abundant, well-managed and caught or farmed in environmentally friendly ways.
I knew I liked oysters – now I have other reasons besides just the taste!

How about you – are you an oyster lover?

Pineapple Smoothie for acne problems and constipation

Pineapple Smoothie
Mix the following in a blender.
1-2 cups of fresh pineapples
1/2 cups apple slices
1/4-cup fresh apple juice
1/2-cup almond milk (more or less as needed)
1 banana
1-tablespoon lecithin
2-tablespoons flax seeds
2 teaspoons bran (wheat, oat or rice)
You can add more lecithin if you like. Lecithin does not have a taste. This smoothie is jam packed with fiber.

http://beforeitsnews.com/health/2013/07/six-smoothie-recipes-for-constipation-and-acne-relief-2497306.html

Homemade Moisturizing Body Scrub

Homemade Moisturizing Body Scrub

Homemade Moisturizing Body Scrub, that I am going to share with you today, is probably my absolute favorite! It leaves your skin feeling SOFT and SMOOTH like you’ve never experienced before! (At least like I had never experienced before! :-) ) It is meant to be used in the shower, and you honestly don’t even need to use any moisturizer when you get out. You will absolutely be glowing!
To get started on making the body scrub, you will only need four simple ingredients. If you don’t have some of these ingredients on hand, a great place to purchase them from is Mountain Rose Herbs. I highly recommend their products, and I know that Stacy does too. (And yes, all of these ingredients are edible, although I don’t think I have ever actually eaten shea butter!)
INGREDIENTS:
METHOD:
Begin by filling a 1/2 C measuring cup with shea butter, making sure to pack it down tightly. Transfer the shea butter to a small pan, and gently heat, using the double boiler method, until the butter is nice and soft. You don’t want to melt the butter, but just soften it to make it easier to work with.
Next, transfer the shea butter to a stand mixer, and beat on high speed until it has a whipped consistency and doesn’t feel grainy when rubbed between your fingers. This will take around 3-4 minutes. It should look like firm whipped cream when it is done. (If you think your tempted to eat it now, just wait till later!)
Combine the olive oil and melted coconut oil together in a small container with a spout. SLOWLY pour the oil into the bowl of shea butter, while beating on high speed. You may need to stop and scrape down the sides as you go.
Once all of the oil is incorporated into the shea butter, continue mixing on high speed for 1-2 minutes until it is nice and fluffy and looks like a soft, delicious whipped cream. If desired, you could also add some essential oils now. I usually don’t, because I like the smell of just the coconut oil and brown sugar, but you could experiment with adding some if you would like.
At this point, you really could just stop, and use this as an after-shower moisturizer. I have done this before, but my favorite way to use this is as an in-shower moisturizing body scrub. It is just so nice, and makes your skin feel AMAZING! (Have I already said that? Please excuse me if I’m repeating myself!)
To turn this into a body scrub, you just need to add something that will exfoliate. This step is very flexible, and there are many things that could be added here. My favorite thing to use is brown sugar. It gives it a wonderful smell, and it does a great job at exfoliating. Some other things that you could consider using instead of sugar would be salt, coffee grounds, ground up oats, etc. Anything that will provide you with a gentle scrub can be used in place of the sugar. You could even do a combination of exfoliators if you would like.
So add the brown sugar (or whatever you decide to use) to your whipped butter and gently mix it in. (If you use brown sugar, make sure that there are no clumps of sugar before you add it to your bowl. It will be a lot easier to mix in this way, and you will not end up with any big sugar clumps in your exfoliator.)
That is all there is to it! And although, you could eat this, I think it would serve it’s purpose better on your skin! To use, simply rub the body scrub all over yourself while you’re in the shower, rinse off, and dry. You don’t need to use a lot – a little bit will go a long way. When you get out of the shower, your skin will feel like silk, and you will be glowing!
This recipe makes around two cups of moisturizing body scrub. I like to store mine in glass ball jars. For a simple gift idea, fill up a 1 cup ball jar with your homemade body scrub, sprinkle a little brown sugar over the top (just for fun!), seal it with a lid, and decorate the jar with a cute ribbon and/or a homemade gift tag. Everyone loves receiving handmade gifts! I made some recently as a special treat for my friend who just had a baby, and she loved it! But make sure to save some for yourself, so you can have beautiful, glowing, soft, smooth, radiant skin too! Enjoy!

http://adelightfulhome.com/homemade-moisturizing-body-scrub/

The Olive Oil Hair Treatment

The Olive Oil Hair Treatment

Olive oil isn’t just for cooking — it’s great for your hair, too! Olive oil has been proven to give hair a healthy sheen, help to repair split ends, and reduce frizz.
To give your hair a conditioning treatment, massage about 2 tablespoons of olive oil into your hair and scalp. The amount you’ll use should vary depending on the length and thickness of your hair. And remember to massage it in well – the massaging feels really nice on your scalp, but is also important to the treatment, as massage stimulates helps promote a healthy scalp.
Next, take a warm, damp towel and wrap it around your head and treated hair (“turban” it). Leave it on for about 30-45 minutes. This allows the olive oil to work into your hair to have the full effect.

Finally, rinse out the olive oil with shampoo. This might take a few shampoo-ings (when I tried it, it took 2 rounds.) Give your hair further rest by allowing it to air dry, if you have the time. Then say hello to your luscious locks!

http://www.collegefashion.net/beauty-and-hair/dorm-room-spa-3-easy-diy-beauty-recipes-to-try/

Friday, 15 November 2013

The Evil Brain: What Lurks Inside a Killer’s Mind

The Evil Brain: What Lurks Inside a Killer’s Mind

As tragedies like Boston and Newtown mount, scientists and criminologists are trying harder than ever to understand the minds behind the crimes

Homicidal madmen don’t have much of a capacity for gratitude, but if they did, they’d offer a word of thanks to Charles Whitman. Whitman was the 25-year-old engineering student and former Marine who, in 1966, killed 17 people and wounded 32 in a mass shooting at the University of Texas, before being shot and killed himself by police. Earlier that day, he also murdered his wife and mother. Criminal investigators looking for a reason for the rampage got what seemed to be their answer quickly, in the form of a suicide note Whitman left at his home:

"I do not really understand myself these days. I am supposed to be an average reasonable and intelligent young man. However, lately (I cannot recall when it started) I have been a victim of many unusual and irrational thoughts … please pay off my debts [and] donate the rest anonymously to a mental-health foundation. Maybe research can prevent further tragedies of this type." Whitman
Whitman got his wish — after a fashion. With the approval of his family, an autopsy was conducted and investigators found both a tumor and a vascular malformation pressing against his amygdala, the small and primitive region of the brain that controls emotion. A state commission of inquiry concluded that the tumor might have contributed to the shootings, earning Whitman a tiny measure of posthumous redemption — and providing all killers since at least the fig-leaf defense that something similar might be wrong with them too.
For as long as evil has existed, people have wondered about its source, and you don’t have to be too much of a scientific reductionist to conclude that the first place to look is the brain. There’s not a thing you’ve ever done, thought or felt in your life that isn’t ultimately traceable to a particular webwork of nerve cells firing in a particular way, allowing the machine that is you to function as it does. So if the machine is busted — if the operating system in your head fires in crazy ways — are you fully responsible for the behavior that follows?

Even before Whitman made it into the medical texts, scientists were already familiar with the case of Phineas Gage, the 25-year-old railroad worker who, in 1848, was helping to blast a path for a new rail line in Vermont when an errant explosion drove an iron rod into the top of his head, through his left frontal lobe and out his cheekbone. Gage, incredibly, didn’t die and nor did he even exhibit much loss of function. But after the bar was removed, there was a sudden change in his personality. Always a peaceable man, he become volatile, combative and, after a lifetime of polite speaking, wildly profane. It was science’s first glimpse at the seemingly direct cause-and-effect connection between trauma to the brain and the very essence of personality. As our ability to image and repair the brain has improved, we’ve been able to detect far less obvious damage than a railroad spike through the skull — damage that nonetheless has every bit as great an effect.
In a celebrated 2003 case published in the Archives of Neurology, for example, a 40-year-old Virginia schoolteacher with no history of pedophilia developed a sudden interest in child pornography and began making sexual overtures to his stepdaughter. His wife reported his behavior, and he was arrested and assigned to a 12-step program for sex offenders. He flunked out of the course — he couldn’t stop propositioning staff members — and was sentenced to prison. Only a day before he was set to surrender, however, he appeared in a local emergency room with an explosive headache and a range of other neurological symptoms. Doctors scanned his brain and found a tumor the size of an egg in the right orbitofrontal cortex, the region that processes decisionmaking and other so-called executive functions. The tumor was removed and the compulsive sexuality vanished along with it. Less than a year later, the tumor returned — and so, almost in lockstep, did his urges.
“There’s no one spot in the brain for pedophilia,” says Stephen J. Morse, professor of both law and psychiatry at the University of Pennsylvania. “But damage to the orbitofrontal region is known to be associated with disinhibition. We know that various forms of brain damage can contribute to difficulties in being guided by reason.”

Other, more recent studies are finding roots of criminality in other parts of the brain. As Maia Szalavitz reported in April, a team of researchers led by Kent Kiehl, associate professor of psychology at the University of New Mexico, published a study in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences in which the brains of 96 male felons sentenced to at least a year in jail for crimes including robbery, drug dealing and assault were scanned in a functional magnetic resonance imager (fMRI). While they were in the fMRI, the men performed a task that required them to hit a key on a computer when they saw the letter X on a screen, but refrain when they saw the letter K. Since the X appeared 84% of the time and since the two letters look awfully similar to begin with, it was easy to get into the habit of overclicking. The ability to avoid hitting the key too much calls for a measure of impulse control, a faculty processed in a region of the brain known as the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC). The inmates who did worse on the test turned out to have lower levels of activity in the ACC; the ones who performed better had higher levels. Kiehl tracked all of the inmates for four years after their release from prison and found that those with the sleepy ACCs were also more than four times likelier to be rearrested than the others. If you can’t control your impulse to click, the study suggested, you might have equal difficulty controlling the impulse to run afoul of the law.
“There are more papers coming out that show how MRIs predict who reoffends,” said Kiehl in a follow-up e-mail with TIME. “We are examining treatments that increase activity in the anterior cingulate. The goal is to see if we can help identify the best therapies to reduce recidivism.”

Koenigs, who has collaborated with Kiehl, has conducted other work with inmates linking both the amygdala and a region known as the ventromedial prefrontal cortex as possible accomplices in crime. The amygdala is the wild child of that pair, the brain’s seat of fear, suspicion, anger and more. Those are not always bad emotions, provided the ventromedial is able to do one of its assigned jobs, which is to keep the amygdala on a short leash. Working with the Wisconsin Department of Corrections, Koenigs was given access to two groups of volunteer prisoners at a medium-security facility: one diagnosed as psychopathic, one nonpsychopathic.
In the first of two tests, Koenigs scanned the men’s brains with a diffusion tensor imager, a type of MRI that detects how water molecules interact with tissue. In this case, he was trying to determine the soundness of the white matter — the fatty insulation — that protects the neural circuits connecting the ventromedial and the amygdala. In a second test, he used an fMRI to study more directly how clearly the two regions were communicating. In both cases, the brains of the psychopaths were in worse shape than those of the nonpsychopaths, with less robust white-matter insulation and the nerves beneath it doing a poorer job of transmitting signals.
“You can use the findings of this study as a proxy for the connectedness between these two structures,” Koenigs says. “The remorselessness and violence seen in psychopaths may be attributable to the regions not communicating effectively.”

Other studies make a similar case for the mechanistic roots of crime. Enzymes known as monoamine oxidases (MAO) are essential to keeping human behavior in check, breaking down neurotransmitters such as serotonin and dopamine and ensuring that the brain remains in chemical balance. Babies born with a defect in an MAO-related gene — known colloquially as the warrior gene — have been shown to be at nine times higher risk of exhibiting antisocial behavior later in life. Adrian Raine, professor of criminology at the University of Pennsylvania, has found that infants under 6 months old who have a brain structure known as a cavum septum pellucidum — a small gap in a forward region between the left and right hemispheres — are similarly likelier to develop behavioral disorders, and face a higher risk of arrest and conviction as adults as well.
All of this makes the case for a neurological role in many violent crimes hard to deny, but all of it raises a powerful question too: So what? For one thing, brain anomalies are only part of the criminal puzzle. A rotten MAO gene indeed may play a role in later-life criminality, but in most cases it’s only when children have also been exposed to abuse or some other kind of childhood trauma. A child with a stable background and bad genetics may handle his warrior impulses just fine. Koenigs may have found cross-talk problems between the ventromedial and the amygdalae of psychopaths, but he also acknowledges that he didn’t get a look at the men’s brains until they were, on average, 30 years old, and a lot could have gone on in that time. “They’ve had a lifetime of poor socialization, drugs, alcohol, they’ve had their bell rung,” he says. “You don’t know what causes what.”
Even the case of the pedophile schoolteacher, whose pathology switched cleanly off and cleanly on depending on the presence of his tumor, was less clear than it seems. “He touched his stepdaughter only when his wife was not around, and his wife and co-workers had not noticed any problems,” says Morse. “Clearly he had some control or some rational capacity. You can’t say that just because the tumor caused him to have pedophiliac desires, he wasn’t responsible.”
That’s the zone in which science and the law always collide — the causation question that can’t simply be brain-scanned or tissue-sampled or longitudinally tested away. People like Morse believe where once we attributed all crime to moral laxity or simple evil, we’ve now overcorrected, too often looking to excuse criminal behavior medically. “I call it the fundamental psycholegal error,” he says. “The belief that if you discover a cause you’ve mitigated or excused responsibility. If you have a bank robber who can show that he commits crimes only when he’s in a hypomanic state, that does not mean he deserves excuse or mitigation.”
Koenigs takes a more forgiving view: “I’ve been part of a Department of Justice project to help inform judges about how to assess culpability,” he says. “The legal system currently goes about it the wrong way, relying on whether criminals know right from wrong. Maybe they do, but the kinds of things that would then give most people pause just don’t register on some of them.”
Where the two camps do agree is on the need to keep society safe from the predations of people whose raging brains — no matter the cause — lead to so much death and suffering. Here legal theory yields a little more easily to hard science. Scanning every inmate’s ACC before making parole decisions will surely raise privacy issues, but if the science can be proven and perfected, isn’t there a strong case for trying it — especially if, as Kiehl suggests, it might lead to therapeutic and rehabilitative strategies? Babies taken from abusive parents might similarly be scanned as part of a routine medical check, just in case a telltale gap in the brain hemispheres could exacerbate the trauma they’ve already endured, making therapeutic intervention all the more important.
Evil is far too complex and far too woven into our natures for us to think that we can always adjudicate it fairly. But the better we can understand the brains that are home to such ugliness, the more effectively we can contain it, control it and punish it. Now and then, with the help of science, we may even be able to snuff it out altogether.


Read more: Evil Brains: Can Science Understand Them? | TIME.com http://science.time.com/2013/05/03/evil-brain/#ixzz2klwBQODw

Friday, 18 October 2013

Dolphin meat - Who eats dolphin meat?

First up, dolphin meat (イルカ肉) is pretty bizarre even by Japanese standards, and second, Taiji is a hurting fishing town smack dab in the middle of nowhere that's gotten a lot of bad press thanks to The Cove.
 http://www.thecovemovie.com/FAQRetrieve.aspx?ID=37078

Who eats dolphin meat?

Much of the dolphin meat sold around Japan is actually mislabeled or sold as counterfeit whale meat from larger a whale, which sells for far more money than dolphin meat. Hundreds of samples of dolphin meat tested from around Japan has all been shown to be toxic and far exceeds their own ministry of health recommendations. Some internal organ meat for sale at the Okura markets near Taiji was analyzed to have 5000 times more mercury than the health advisory of 0.4 ppm.

The oceans around industrialized countries such as China, Japan and the United States is some of the most polluted in the world and the dolphins residing in those waters are some of the most toxic in the world. For instance, if fish has more than 2 ppm (parts per million) of PCB’s, the EPA requires that it not be fit for human consumption. Bottlenose dolphins off the East Coast of the United States can have up to 6800 ppm and if one washed up on the shores it would be eligible for clean-up as a super-fund site.

'Don't blame obese people for being fat', the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence warms

'Don't blame obese people for being fat', the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence warms 

DOCTORS have been warned not to blame obese patients for being fat, under new health guidelines in the UK.

The Telegraph reports that the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (Nice) wants doctors to refer obese patients to "lifestyle weight management" programs like WeightWatchers, but only if the schemes can change their behaviour for good rather than provide a "quick fix".
These people should be "respectful and non-blaming" in order to "minimise harm", it said.
They should also explain to patients "how much motivation and commitment" is needed to complete weight management schemes and that enrolling on one will not be a "magic bullet".
About a quarter of adults in England are classes as obese, and a further 41 per cent of men and 33 per cent of women are overweight.
Obesity is estimated to cost the the UK's NHS about 5.1 billion pounds each year.
Nice has previously asked doctors to avoid using the word "obese" because it can be a derogatory term.
"I think [the issue] is the wording. Doctors have not got to be patronising, but they have got to form their words very carefully in order to not alienate patients," Tam Fry of the National Obesity Forum told the Telegraph. "Doctors are terrible at bringing up the subject of weight because it is such a sensitive issue with patients...but once the doctor has got the confidence of a patient, then their duty is to start to toughen it up and explain what the consequences are."

 http://www.news.com.au/lifestyle/health/dont-blame-obese-for-being-fat-the-national-institute-for-health-and-care-excellence-warms/story-fneuzlbd-1226741350871

 

Sunday, 15 September 2013

Walmart bans 10 toxins from personal care, cosmetics and baby products

Walmart bans 10 toxins from personal care, cosmetics and baby products

 

September 12, 2013
Walmart is on a detox plan. The world's largest retailer, Walmart, announced today (Sept. 12, 2013) it would begin disclosing chemicals in many product categories, while phasing out approximately ten chemicals from products they sell in favor of safer alternatives. Walmart declined to say which specific chemicals would be phased out but has confirmed they all appear on the list of chemicals that Safer Chemicals, Healthy Families published in April as part of its Mind the Store campaign. The campaign asked the top ten retailers to a phase-out the "Hazardous Hundred+" in the products they sell.
“This is an unusually substantive announcement and Walmart deserves credit for that. We're encouraged that they've described this is as just the beginning of action on chemicals rather than an end,” said Andy Igrejas, executive director of Safer Chemicals, Healthy Families.
“Clearly, the problem is much bigger, but Walmart's announcement today appears to be a meaningful down payment on an enhanced chemical policy. We urge other the other retailers to both learn from and improve upon it," said Igrejas.
Headquartered in Bentonville, Arkansas, is the world's biggest multinational retailer, with 2011 U.S. retail sales of over $316 million—the highest in the country. The decision many lead to other large retailers following suit. In April 2013, Safer Chemicals, Healthy Families, sent a letter to Walmart requesting that they begin take steps to remove hazardous chemicals from the products that pose a health risk to customers.
“While the number of chemicals is limited, the action is meaningful. They are not just moving away from several known toxic chemicals but are going deeper, using their position to make sure the alternatives are safer,” Igrejas said. “That's progress that can ripple across the marketplace.”
Walmart also announced that it will pursue EPA's Design for the Environment (DfE) imprimatur for it's private label products. The disclosure practices will begin in 2015 and apply to cleaners, personal care products, cosmetics and baby care.

http://www.examiner.com/article/walmart-bans-ten-toxins-from-personal-care-cosmetics-and-baby-products

People with Mental Illness

People with Mental Illness

by Gary Cordner

The Problem of People with Mental Illness

Problems associated with people with mental illness pose a significant challenge for modern policing. [1] This guide begins by describing the problem and reviewing factors that increase the challenges that police face in relation to the mentally ill. It then identifies a series of questions that might help you analyze your local policing problems associated with people with mental illness. Finally, it reviews responses to the problems and what we know about these from evaluative research and police practice.
Police officers frequently encounter people with mental illness—approximately 5 percent of U.S. residents have a serious mental illness,§ and 10 to 15 percent of jailed people have severe mental illness. [2] An estimated 7 percent of police contacts in jurisdictions with 100,000 or more people involve the mentally ill.[3] A three-city study found that 92 percent of patrol officers had at least one encounter with a mentally ill person in crisis in the previous month,[4] and officers averaged six such encounters per month. The Lincoln (Nebraska) Police Department found that it handled over 1,500 mental health investigation cases in 2002, and that it spent more time on these cases than on injury traffic accidents, burglaries, or felony assaults. [5] The New York City Police Department responds to about 150,000 “emotionally disturbed persons” calls per year.[6]
It is important to recognize at the outset that mental illness is not, in and of itself, a police problem. Obviously, it is a medical and social services problem. However, a number of the problems caused by or associated with people with mental illness often do become police problems. These include crimes, suicides, disorder, and a variety of calls for service. Moreover, the traditional police response to people with mental illness has often been ineffective, and sometimes tragic.
§ Unfortunately there is not one standard definition of mental illness. Medical doctors, research scientists, psychiatrists, psychologists, and social workers define it differently depending on whether their focus is more on organic conditions, personality, or behavior. One working consensus definition designed for policy makers is “Mental illness is a biopsychosocial brain disorder characterized by dysfunctional thoughts, feelings, and/or behaviors that meet DSMIV diagnostic criteria” (Kelly, 2002). The same report identifies the main examples of serious mental illness as:
  • All cases of schizophrenia (a psychotic disorder)
  • Severe cases of major depression and bipolar disorder (mood disorders)
  • Severe cases of panic disorder, obsessive-compulsive disorder, and post-traumatic stress disorder (anxiety disorders)
  • Severe cases of attention deficit/ hyperactivity disorder (typically, a childhood disorder)
  • Severe cases of anorexia nervosa (an eating disorder).
Timothy A. Kelly (2002) “A Policymaker’s Guide to Mental Illness.” Washington, DC: The Heritage Foundation.
Over the last decade, many police agencies have sought to improve their response to incidents involving people with mental illness, especially emergency mental health situations. These new developments, however, have been targeted almost exclusively at improved handling of individual incidents. Little attention has been devoted to developing or implementing a comprehensive and preventive approach to the issue.
Common Situations
Police officers encounter people with mental illness in many different types of situations, in roles that include criminal offenders, disorderly persons, missing persons, complainants, victims, and persons in need of care (see table). According to one Texas study,[7] the five most frequent scenarios are as follows:
  • A family member, friend, or other concerned person calls the police for help during a psychiatric emergency.
  • A person with mental illness feels suicidal and calls the police as a cry for help.
  • Police officers encounter a person with mental illness behaving inappropriately in public.
  • Citizens call the police because they feel threatened by the unusual behavior or the mere presence of a person with mental illness.
  • A person with mental illness calls the police for help because of imagined threats.
Of these typical situations, ones involving the threat of suicide were rated as the most difficult to handle. Each of the others listed above was rated as somewhat difficult to handle. The two behaviors that were rated as most problematic overall were threatening suicide and nuisance behaviors.
Roles of People with Mental Illness and Examples
Role Examples
Offender
  • A person with mental illness commits a personal or property crime.
  • A person with mental illness commits a drug crime.
  • A person with mental illness threatens to commit suicide.
  • A person with mental illness threatens to injure someone else in the delusional belief that that person poses a threat to him or her.
  • A person with mental illness threatens to injure police as a means of forcing police to kill him (commonly called “suicide by cop”).
Disorderly person
  • A family or community member reports annoying or disruptive behavior by a person with mental illness.
  • A hospital, group home, or mental health facility calls for police assistance in controlling a person with mental illness.
  • A police officer on patrol encounters a person with mental illness behaving in a disorderly manner.
Missing person
  • A family member reports that a person with mental illness is missing.
  • A group home or mental health institution reports that a person with mental illness walked away and/or is missing.
Complainant
  • A person with mental illness calls the police to report real or imagined conditions or phenomena.
  • A person with mental illness calls the police to complain about care received from family members or caretakers.
Victim
  • A person with mental illness is the victim of a personal or property crime.
  • A family member, caretaker, or service provider neglects or abuses a person with mental illness.
Person in need of care
  • Police are asked to transport a person with mental illness to or from a hospital or mental health facility.
  • Police encounter a person with mental illness who is neglecting his or her own basic needs (food, clothing, shelter, medication, etc.).
These are the most common situations in which police encounter people with mental illness. It is important to realize, though, that when police officers handle some of these situations they do not always realize that mental illness is involved (such as a shoplifting or a disorderly person). Officers may try to handle the situation as usual (by giving directions, issuing commands, or making an arrest, for example) but not get the cooperation or compliance expected, sometimes leading to escalating tension. This highlights the importance of training in mental illness recognition as well as crisis management techniques.
Dangerousness
A fairly common perception is that people with mental illness are disproportionately involved in violent crime. This is true in one respect but not in another. A small subset of people with mental illness, those who are actively experiencing serious psychotic symptoms, are more violent than the general population. Research suggests several factors associated with this group’s violent behavior, including drug and alcohol abuse, noncompliance with medication requirements, and biological or biochemical disorders.[8] In general, however, “violent and criminal acts directly attributable to mental illness account for a very small proportion of all such acts in the United States. Most persons with mental illness are not criminals, and of those who are, most are not violent.” [9]
Police interactions with people with mental illness can be dangerous, but usually are not. In the United States, 982 of 58,066 police officers assaulted in 2002, and 15 of 636 police officers feloniously killed from 1993 to 2002, had “mentally deranged” assailants. [10] These represent one out of every 59 assaults on officers and one out of every 42 officers feloniously killed—relatively small portions of all officers assaulted and killed.
Encounters with police are more likely to be dangerous for people with mental illness than for the police. An early study found that an average of nine New York City police shootings per year between 1971 and 1975 involved emotionally disturbed people. [11] Between 1994 and 1999, Los Angeles officers shot 37 people during encounters with people with mental illness, killing 25. [12] A review of shootings by the police from 1998 to 2001 in the United Kingdom indicated that almost half (11 out of 24) involved someone with a known history of mental health problems. [13] It is estimated that people with severe mental illness are four times more likely to be killed by police. [14] Serious injury and death of people with mental illness at the hands of the police are especially tragic, for obvious reasons. Reduction of such injuries and deaths should be a high-priority objective for every police agency.
Harms
The harms associated with the police handling of people with mental illness are implicit in the situations and examples the table provides, but deserve some discussion. A person with mental illness may harm other citizens by committing personal or property crimes or engaging in disorderly and disruptive behavior. Alternatively, a person with mental illness may be harmed as a crime victim, as an abused family member or patient, as a person who suffers through self-neglect, or as a person whose mental health problem has left him or her erroneously subjected to criminal charges and jail confinement. Society in general may be harmed if excessive police, criminal justice, and/or medical resources are consumed by problems associated with people with mental illness.
It is important to keep the concept of harm in mind when addressing this particular problem, because there is a tendency to simply define people with mental illness as the problem, and getting them out of sight as the solution. In contrast to most police problems, however, this is not one that involves wholly voluntary behavior— rather, it involves behavior that medical conditions cause or compound. Consequently, police have to be careful not to blame people with mental illness, but instead focus on behavior that causes harm to self or others.
Related Problems
The police problem of people with mental illness is closely connected to three other problems noted below. This guide does not specifically address these problems, but addressing people with mental illness in your jurisdiction may require that you take on these problems, as well:
  • homelessness
  • drug abuse
  • alcohol abuse
The people the police encounter who have mental health problems or emergencies are also frequently homeless. For example, a Honolulu study found that 74 percent of law violators who the police believed to have a mental disorder were also homeless.[15] In London, about 30 percent of minor offenders referred for admission to a station-house diversion program for the “mentally disordered” were living on the streets. [16]
Similarly, the people with mental illness the police encounter are likely to have substance abuse problems. About three-quarters of jail and prison inmates with mental illness also have a substance abuse problem. [17] Current substance abuse was identified for about half of psychiatric emergency room referrals in New York State, [18] and nearly two-thirds of psychiatric emergency patients evaluated by a police-mental health outreach team in Los Angeles were known to be serious substance abusers.[19]

  http://www.popcenter.org/problems/mental_illness/

Friday, 19 July 2013

How to remove chickenpox scars naturally

How to remove chickenpox scars naturally

Thursday, April 4th 2013.

Remove chickenpox scars

How to remove chickenpox scars naturally | dmatxi.com. Chickenpox is caused by a virus arising named is pox virus. Symptoms that occur when a person infected with chickenpox are fever, as well as the appearance of pus bubbles that appear in several parts of the body and face evenly. Actually there are many types of smallpox, but at this time the discussion will be explained about chicken pox, treatment, as well as some tips for removing chickenpox scar appearing.
Chickenpox was not so dangerous, but the scars left behind would be so make sufferers uncomfortable. Chickenpox scars can interfere with performance and also reduce confidence. Generally chickenpox scars form dry lumps blackish. Chickenpox scars in young patients will be more easily lost than patients with age above 20 years, but do not panic below will explain some tips that can help remove chickenpox scars.
remove chickenpox scars, Eliminate chickenpox scars

How to remove chickenpox scars with natural ingredients

  1. Gotu kola leaves; Eliminate chickenpox scars using gotu kola leaves. Take a taste of gotu kola leaves and wash clean, and then made ?juice and mixed with honey to taste to make it taste better. Gotu kola leaves will help the process of skin renewal from within.
  2. Corn; How to remove chickenpox scars using corn. Corn washed and shredded, then apply on the skin are exposed to chicken pox. This herb can be used when chickenpox is contagious to the body and followed the healing period and the process of removing chickenpox scars.
  3. Mung beans; How to remove chickenpox scars using mung beans. Green beans soaked in water until they swell, then finely crushed and apply on the skin that contains chickenpox scars.
Chickenpox can actually heal itself, but in some cases also be repeated in people with decreased immunity. In addition to the above ingredients, consume lots of water, vitamin C and foods containing vitamin E may also help to remove chickenpox scars.
http://dmatxi.com/04/how-to-remove-chickenpox-scars-naturally.html

Sunday, 14 July 2013

Cancer survivor speaks of 'Angelina Jolie' operation

Cancer survivor speaks of 'Angelina Jolie' operation

May 20, 2013, 1:46 pmnewidea
A glamorous British fashion designer and former model has spoken of her emotional triumph over breast cancer, and her recovery from the same double mastectomy operation as Hollywood actress Angelina Jolie.
Cancer survivor speaks of 'Angelina Jolie' operation
Real Lives

Claire Farwell, 44, a mother-of-two from Devonshire, England, who lives in California, had the operation in February 2010. Her treatment was virtually identical to that of Jolie, who bravely wrote of her ‘medical choice’ this week in the New York Times.
Today, the former fashion model has revealed the pain and heartbreak she suffered during her battle with breast cancer, and has spoken of what Jolie can expect from life after the operation.
Credit: Byron Atienza www.ByronAtienza.com

"I thought Angelina Jolie’s piece was amazing,” says Farwell, speaking from her home in Pacific Palisades, near Los Angeles.
"Like myself, Angelina wanted to voice her message, and when I read that line, ‘I do not feel any less of a woman. I feel empowered,’ I was overcome by emotion."
Having beaten the disease, Farwell has today joined Jolie in going public, by releasing these stunning fashion photographs that proudly reveal her post-operation body, scars and all.

A Haunting Diagnosis

"Reading Angelina’s story bought back memories," says Farwell, "I cry at the drop of a hat about any conversation about cancer. It strikes me straight in the heart. I was 40, nearly 41, when I was diagnosed with breast cancer. It all started in November of 2009.
I had been feeling really, really tired, so I decided to bring my annual check-up forward. I’ve always been healthy, so I knew by the way I was feeling that something was wrong. The tests confirmed I was depleted in my vitamin D, and that has strong links with cancer."
Credit: Byron Atienza www.ByronAtienza.com

Doctors suggested a mammogram, which Farwell underwent in December of 2009, and shortly afterwards, she was diagnosed with breast cancer, just before Christmas.
"I remember the moment they told me," she recalls. "I was in a clothes store, naked, complaining that I wouldn’t be able to wear a beautiful, low v-backed top, because I’d have to wear a bra. And then the doctor rang. You drop everything when the doctor calls."
Farwell remembers that she was informed of a ‘calcification’.
“’You’ve got to come back,’ they told me. It was all so technical, and I could barely understand all these medical terms that I’d never heard before.”

Under the knife

"First I had to have a biopsy, which was, ‘Lie down, tit through the table,’ and soon afterward they called me saying ‘you have breast cancer’. I’ll never forget that conversation. I remember the doctor had the audacity to say, ‘We’d better check you don't have cancer anywhere else.’ I thought, ‘shouldn’t we deal with the breast cancer first?’
Unlike Angelina Jolie, Claire Farwell says she didn't have a decision about whether to have the double mastectomy or not.
"I simply went to the doctor and the first thing I said was, ‘have them off.’ He replied, ‘hold on, we have to go through the procedures’."
Doctors checked nodes in her arm during a lumpectomy, to check the cancer had not spread elsewhere in her body.
"I was thinking, ‘if it hasn't spread, then why radiate me?’ It seemed like poison. The results were that my margins weren’t clear after my lumpectomy, so I had the mastectomy."
Credit: Byron Atienza www.ByronAtienza.com

"I had the choice to have a single mastectomy, but I opted for the double mastectomy. For me I don't want the bother of having all these mammograms and then having to worry psychologically about the other one. ‘Take them both off, I don't need it,’ I told them.
I think people assumed that because I used to be a model, I wouldn't want such an operation. Even my mother-in-law said, ‘why would you have a double mastectomy?’ But I am who I am, not because of my breasts."
Yet Claire Farwell became famous because of her curves. Growing up in England, she became a model aged 16 and embarked on a career that took her to the fashion capitals of Europe. She appeared in French Elle alongside Claudia Schiffer, and modeled with Naomi Campbell, who became her roommate when the up-and-coming models lived in Paris, France.
Having signed for the international model agency Storm, Farwell appeared in campaigns for Gian Franco Ferrè, Nivea, Speedo, and in glossy magazines from Amica to Vogue; her body desired by advertisers for her fit, voluptuous shape.
Today, she is bravely showing the world a new figure.
"Angelina’s coming out has inspired me,” she admits. “That is why I loved what she had to say. If Madonna spoke about sex in the 80s, Angelina Jolie speaking about cancer is a defining moment of this decade. It has empowered us all."

A Brave Recovery

Claire Farwell went under the knife in a Los Angeles hospital in February 2010. She says her recovery was even worse than the moment she was diagnosed.
"The hardest thing was waking up from the surgery. Under the knife for five to six hours, I woke up feeling nauseous from the painkillers.
"Then I felt like I had a hippopotamus on my chest. I couldn't breathe. It was the toughest thing I went through."
"The breast surgeon and plastic surgeon work together around the double mastectomy," she explains.
"The breast surgeon takes all the tissue out of both breasts, while the plastic surgeon puts in two expanders in each breast, which are hard plastic pretend silicon things with a valve attached.
"Every week you go back and have saline solution injections through the breasts, to fill up the expander to the size you want."
The process took about two months, during which Farwell’s family rallied around her. My husband and I would joke: ‘How big shall we go?’ You have to see the humor in it, otherwise what’s the point? I couldn’t have got through it without my husband and girls."
Farwell married Gus, a former American Football player turned opera singer, in 2004. They have lived together in the United States for the last nine years. Farwell says her children, Avalon, 5, and Devon, 7, were ‘unbelievable,’ in their understanding of their mother’s medical condition.
"One of the hardest things was that I couldn't pick hem up like a normal Mum does," says Farwell.
"I came back from the hospital once with the EKG stickers on, and I had them on like fake nipples, because my own nipples were gone the doctor thought it would be funny for the girls. Devon said ‘that doesn’t look right!’
I chose not to hide it from them."
And the recovery process was not a quick one.
"You’ve got scars healing nicely from the expanders, then they have to come out, and then the silicon goes in, and the scars heal up. In that time you cannot sleep lying down, so I had to sleep sitting up. Then in December I had the reconstruction done again, as they hadn’t done it right. The breasts were falling under my arms. If I live till I’m 100 like my grandparents, I’d have another fifty years to live with these breasts! What’s another five hours?"
"When the doctors asked, ‘do you want to keep your nipples?’
I joked, 'How on earth will I do Playboy!' And then I thought, why the hell wouldn't I be able to do Playboy—if I wanted? Why shouldn’t I stand there with my boobs out and say ‘I feel incredible’!"

A Glamourous Photoshoot


Farwell says the inspiration for her fashion shoot came from the Scar Project, a hardcover, 126-page book containing 50 portraits of young breast cancer survivors, shot by fashion photographer David Jay.
“He took these amazing documentary type photographs, but I felt it was so sad. Some were crying. While it’s a beautiful project, I didn't want that, I wanted to say ‘here I am!’
I started thinking about my own photo shoot. I wanted to do a shoot that is about how I feel as a person, not what I look like."
"I spent fifteen years as a professional model, when everything that mattered was aesthetic. I realized I did not for one second feel any less of a woman from having my breasts taken away.
"When I look at my modeling photos now, I feel more of a woman today than I did then! I don't look at that and say, ‘I wish I had a nipple’. Sometimes I look at my husband Gus and think, that looks weird, because I don't have nipples and I’ve got used to looking like a Barbie doll now."
"I have no feeling in my nipples at all, that's a shame. I don't have any nipples. I thank God I’m still a woman in other areas. You just come to realize it won’t be like you were before and you move forward.
”I had the operation the same year as Avatar was released, and if I’d have painted myself blue for Halloween it would have been perfect! You have to retain your sense of humor. I had cancer the size of a golf ball, and I got through it, with a joke and a smile."

Angelina's Battle Ahead


Yet Farwell admits that the next few weeks and months will be incredibly hard, yet important for Angelina Jolie.
"Whether or not she wants to talk about it with the kids, I don’t know. Angelina is a warrior, and for coming out and saying it, she’s become an empowering person. Angelina’s going to gain a completely new respect from anyone who wasn't quite sure about her before. She will probably become the face of the BRCA1 gene, if not breast cancer."
"This is why Angelina Jolie will help women: What Jolie said was this, ‘I had an 87 percent risk of breast cancer and a 50 percent risk of ovarian cancer…and now I have less than five percent.’
If I had any advice for Angelina, or anyone reading this, who is battling breast cancer, I would say this: The most important thing for me was to not take breast cancer to the bedroom, once you step over into the place you sleep and rest, leave all thoughts of it. Nighttime can be the worst. Be really kind to yourself."

How Cancer Inspired her


Remarkably, being diagnosed with cancer completely changed Farwell’s life, in ways she says she could never imagine.
"Three weeks before I was diagnosed, I was compelled to write a novel…I sat down and just poured it out. From that, this creative freedom came.
"When you go through breast cancer you go through physical changes, but once you've been put back together again, you start to think: ‘Why did I have cancer? What did I do with my life? Then you just get on with it."
In October 2011, Farwell decided to throw an event to raise money for breast cancer charities.
"I said, ‘lets put on a party! Let’s make money for breast cancer. So I threw an event for 300 people, and thought I’d do a fashion show. When I realized I didn't like any of the designers, I decided to do it myself!"
The former model made 24 pieces by hand, models wore them on the runway, and the dresses were sold at auction.
"People told me, ‘you need to do this full time!’ and I was giving a percentage away to breast cancer charities, which made me happy.
"Breast cancer had given me this creativity, and now I’m building a brand, my dresses are moving into boutiques, and I’m so passionate about it."
Described as ‘elegant, comfortable and unique designs with a British accent,’ the Claire Farwell London range features hand-picked fabrics for ‘the practical, cheeky and classy woman, who lives life and tells her story through fashion.’
Farwell is also currently planning an online store, such is the demand for her gowns.
"I feel so positive today. If I’d have waited a year to get the mastectomy I’d probably be dead. There are women younger than me who have died because they weren’t as lucky.
"I was really, really lucky. Cancer makes you realize that you need to be yourself, be the woman that you want to be. I’m so proud of my new photos, the most important photographs of my career."